Authors: Alyssa Rheingold, PhD, et al.
Abstract: What are the risk factors for and prevalence rates and co-occurrence of grief-related psychiatric conditions among bereaved adults in the US?
In this study of 2,034 adults, presumptive prevalence rates of 20% for prolonged grief disorder (PGD), 34% for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and 30% for major depressive disorder (MDD) were observed among 1,529 bereaved respondents. Comorbidities were also common, as reported by 29% of respondents. The risk of grief-related psychiatric conditions was greatest among those who experienced the traumatic loss of a psychologically close individual.
“Given that loss is a risk factor for the co-occurrence of PGD, PTSD, and MDD, these findings suggest that transdiagnostic treatment may be most efficient and effective,” say the authors.
In this study, the majority of bereaved adults did not meet presumptive criteria for PGD, PTSD, or MDD. Nevertheless, PGD, PTSD, and MDD were highly prevalent and comorbid, particularly among those who experienced traumatic loss. These findings underscore the need for integrated psychological care that leverages transdiagnostic mechanisms of evidence-based practice, say the authors.
Compared with bereaved individuals with a history of losses due to natural causes, those with a history of traumatic losses were twice as likely to have a positive screening result for PGD, PTSD, and MDD.
Moreover, the proportion of individuals with a positive screening result for multiple conditions was nearly twice as high in the traumatic loss group compared with natural and no-loss groups.
Importance: Rates of grief-related psychiatric conditions, such as prolonged grief disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, and major depressive disorder among bereaved adults in the US have been hitherto largely unknown.
Availability: Published by JAMA Network.
